Na próżno
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What it means
Literally “in vain.” This describes an effort that resulted in nothing or was completely useless. It carries a slightly formal or poetic tone compared to “na marne,” though they are often interchangeable.
Vocabulary
- próżny — vain / empty / futile
- bezskutecznie — without effect
Grammar note
'Próżno' is an adverbial form. 'Na próżno' functions as a fixed adverbial phrase of manner/result.
Cultural context
It appears frequently in Polish literature and classical music lyrics to describe unrequited love or failed heroic struggles.
Intermediate
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