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  What it means

  Literally “on top of that” or “as an addition.” This is a versatile connector used to add more information, often to highlight that a situation has become even better or (more commonly) even worse. It functions as a way to “stack” facts or events.

  Vocabulary

  • dodatek — addition / supplement / extra
  • poza tym — besides / furthermore
  • dodatkowo — additionally

  Grammar note

  A fixed prepositional phrase: 'na' + accusative. It is grammatically independent and can be placed at the beginning or middle of a sentence.

  Cultural context

  In Polish storytelling, this is the classic way to introduce the "last straw" that makes a story particularly funny or tragic.

  Beginner

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