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  What it means

  Literally “jointly with” or “together with,” this prepositional phrase means “including” or “along with.” It signals that what follows is added to the total and not left out. For example, “kosztuje dwieście złotych, łącznie z dostawą” means “it costs two hundred złoty, including delivery.” It is a practical, everyday expression found in contracts, menus, receipts, and casual speech. It is neutral in register and widely used across all age groups and contexts.

  Vocabulary

  • łącznie — jointly, together, inclusively
  • łącznie z — including, together with, along with
  • łączyć — to connect, to join (the root verb)

  Grammar note

  'Łącznie z' governs the instrumental case — the noun that follows must be in the instrumental. For example: 'łącznie z podatkiem' (including the tax), 'łącznie z dziećmi' (including the children). This is a consistent rule: prepositions of accompaniment (z, wraz z, łącznie z) all take the instrumental in Polish.

  Cultural context

  This phrase is a staple of Polish commercial and administrative language. You will see it constantly on price tags, invoices, and official documents ('łącznie z VAT' — VAT included), making it one of the most practical idioms for anyone navigating daily life in Poland. It is entirely formal-to-neutral and never colloquial.

  Beginner

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