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  What it means

  Literally “jointly with” or “together with,” this phrase means “including” or “along with.” It shows that the following item is part of the total. For example, “kosztuje dwieście złotych, łącznie z dostawą” means “it costs two hundred złoty, including delivery.” You will find it in contracts, menus, receipts, and everyday speech. It is neutral and used by people of all ages in many daily situations.

  Vocabulary

  • łącznie — jointly, together, inclusively
  • łącznie z — including, together with, along with
  • łączyć — to connect, to join (the root verb)

  Grammar note

  'Łącznie z' takes the instrumental case, so the following noun must be instrumental. For example: 'łącznie z podatkiem' (including the tax), 'łącznie z dziećmi' (including the children). This follows the usual rule: prepositions that show accompaniment, such as z, wraz z, and łącznie z, take the instrumental in Polish.

  Cultural context

  This phrase is common in Polish business and official language. You will often see it on price tags, invoices, and documents, for example ''łącznie z VAT'' (VAT included). It is especially useful for daily life in Poland. Its register is formal to neutral, rather than casual or slangy.

  Beginner

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