De facto
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What it means
Latin for “in fact.” Used in Polish just as in English — to describe something that exists or is true in practice, even if not officially recognised or legally established.
Vocabulary
- de facto — in fact / in practice (Latin)
Grammar note
An uninflected Latin phrase used as an adverb. Its counterpart is 'de iure' (de jure) — in law.
Cultural context
Widely used in Polish legal, political, and journalistic language. Polish speakers are comfortable with Latin phrases in formal contexts.
Intermediate
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